Engaging victims in youth justice FGCs: a 2-site analysis of what works

This study explores the experiences of victims and other key people involved in our Family Group Conference (FGC) process. It is focused on the process as part of the youth justice system.

The study took feedback from victims and others at 2 key sites: Porirua and Tauranga. Their feedback was taken through interviews and online surveys.

For the FGC process, the research aimed to:

• understand the barriers victims may face to engage
• identify ideal ways and the right time to engage victims early
• recommend options to improve how much victims engage and participate
• recommend options to improve how victims experience the process
• offer insight into the challenges of improving such processes and create valuable data.

We commissioned the study, and it was undertaken in partnership with Te Ngāpara Centre for Restorative Practice, School of Government, Te Herenga Waka Victoria University of Wellington.

What motivated victims to attend an FGC

In this study victims were often motivated by a desire:

• for accountability
• to reduce reoffending
• by a need to express their feelings regarding the offence.

Victims also valued being able to engage with offenders directly. It helped victims gain insight to their situation. It also helped with healing.

Why victims might decline FGCs

Barriers that hindered victim participation in FGCs included:

• having little or no knowledge of FGCs,
• scepticism about the purpose and relevance,
• logistical challenges - most FGCs are held Monday to Thursday during standard work hours
• concerns for safety and intimidation from offenders.

Post-conference follow-up

Victims had a desire for post-conference follow-up

They also expressed a desire for updates on the young offender’s progress after the FGC.

Stakeholder insights

Stakeholder interviews found ways we can engage meaningfully with victims. These included:

• give victims more ways to attend an FGC, such as by phone or video call
• not assume all victims should be invited to an FGC
• coordinators who are skilled in facilitating discussions help victims feel heard and valued
• thorough preparation is vital to manage what victims can expect
• physical and emotional safety is paramount for victims to engage
• cultural practices are essential to create engaging environments during the process
• for the outcome to be a success, there must be a resolution for the victim and responsibility for the offender
• follow ups ensure that victims feel supported and valued after FGCs. 

Measurement of FGC participation

The findings from this review of victim participation patterns reveal methodological limitations in the historical measurement of FGC participation.

Contemporary studies (2017 - 2019) demonstrate that when measurement frameworks encompass diverse participation pathways, including written submissions, total participation rates reach up to 79%.